Theos-Talk Archives (April 2007 Message tt00083)

--- In theosophy_talks_truth@yahoogroups.com, "Leslie J. McClinton" 
<netemara888@...> wrote:

Here is a recent email/Press release I just received. As you know 
energy is the playground of the Masters.

Interactions News Wire #23-07
24 April 2007 http://www.interactions.org 
<http://www.interactions.org/>
**********************************************************************
*
Source: KEK
Content: Press Release
Date Issued: 24 April 2007
**********************************************************************
*
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in QCD reproduced on supercomputer

A research group led by Shoji Hashimoto, Ph. D., an associate 
professor
at
KEK, succeeded for the first time to reproduce the phenomena of
spontaneous symmetry breaking in Quantum Chromo-Dynamics (QCD) using
numerical simulations.

Quarks, the elementary particles forming nucleon, carry only two per
cent
of the mass of the nucleon, leaving the remaining 98% due to the
so-called
spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. This widely accepted idea among
researchers has not yet been proven theoretically starting from QCD, 
the
fundamental theory of quarks. Solving QCD is an extremely difficult
problem.

Chiral symmetry is a symmetry distinguishing right-handed spinning
quarks
from their left-handed cousins. This symmetry is exact when the quarks
can
fly at the speed of light which is possible if they are massless. In
1961
Yoichiro Nambu and his collaborator proposed the idea of spontaneous
chiral symmetry breaking, inspired by the BCS
(Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer)
mechanism of superconductivity. In the BCS theory, spin-up and spin-
down
electrons form a pair and condense in the material. Their motion as a
pair
is smooth so that electrical resistance vanishes, while separating an
electron from its partner requires a lot of energy. In QCD the pair is
produced by a quark and an anti-quark, making the vacuum full of the
condensed quark-antiquark pairs. As a result, the chiral symmetry is
broken and individual quarks acquire masses. All of these happen
secretly
in the vacuum due to the strong force of QCD.

The research group used a numerical simulation of QCD defined on a
lattice
to reproduce the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. In this work 
the
group employed a special kind of lattice formulation of quarks --- the
overlap fermion proposed by Herbert Neuberger in 1998 --- in order to
realize an exact chiral symmetry on the lattice, which has never been
possible using other fermion formulations. The overlap fermion is
theoretically an ideal formulation, but numerically a nightmare, 
because
it requires more than 100 times more computer power than other fermion
formulations. This work has been made possible by a brand-new
supercomputer and steady improvements of numerical algorithms.

The group carried out a QCD simulation including extraordinary light
quarks to calculate eigenvalues of quarks. The simulation results
reproduce this theoretical prediction nicely (Fig. 3). It implies 
that,
due to the chiral symmetry breaking, light pions appear and behave 
just
as
expected. This result provides a firm ground for further understanding
of
nucleon and nucleus based on the fundamental theory, i.e. QCD.

The numerical simulations have been performed on the 
supercomputer "IBM
System BlueGene Solution" installed at KEK in March 2006.

This work will soon be published on the "Physical Review Letters"
(online
version).

Images are available at:
http://www.kek.jp/intra-e/press/2007/supercomputer2e.html
<http://www.kek.jp/intra-e/press/2007/supercomputer2e.html>

--- End forwarded message ---